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White Collar Crimes

Semester 6 · 17 topics in 5 units

Past question papers for White Collar Crimes

Unit I 4 topics

  1. White collar crime: Sutherland's concept and the Indian approachWhat Sutherland meant by white collar crime, how it differs from ordinary crime, why the traditional canons of criminal law fit it badly, and how the idea has been received in India.6 min
  2. Forms of privileged class devianceUpendra Baxi's idea of privileged class deviance and its forms: official deviance by legislators, judges and bureaucrats, professional, trade union, land law, upper class, police, gender based and religious deviance.6 min
  3. Socio-economic offences: the Indian approach, tax evasion, food adulteration and hoardingThe Law Commission's 47th Report on social and economic offences, why they emerged, tax evasion and tax avoidance, food adulteration under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, and hoarding under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955.6 min
  4. Economic offences: money laundering, benami property, corporate and cyber fraudThe modern statutes against economic crime: the Prevention of Money-Laundering Act, 2002 and Vijay Madanlal Choudhary, the Benami Act as amended in 2016 and the Ganpati Dealcom judgment and its recall, fraud under section 447 of the Companies Act and the SFIO, cyber fraud, and the economic offence provisions of the BNS.7 min

Unit II 3 topics

  1. Official deviance and the Santhanam CommitteeWhat official deviance means, its forms and causes, the Santhanam Committee's 1964 report on prevention of corruption and what came of it, and the machinery that now controls deviance by public servants.6 min
  2. Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988: policy, public servant and the offencesThe policy of the 1988 Act, who is a public servant, the offences as recast in 2018 including the new bribe-giver and commercial organisation offences, proof of demand after Neeraj Dutta, disproportionate assets, and legislators from P.V. Narasimha Rao to Sita Soren.8 min
  3. Prevention of Corruption Act: special Judges, investigation, sanction and the 2018 AmendmentAppointment, powers and procedure of special Judges, the officers who may investigate, prior approval under section 17A, sanction under section 19, attachment of property, and an evaluation of the Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Act, 2018.7 min

Unit III 4 topics

  1. Police deviance: legal restraints and the Supreme Court's police reformsForms and causes of police deviance, the constitutional and statutory restrictions on abuse of police power under the BNSS and BSA, custodial violence and compensation, and the police reforms directed in Prakash Singh and later cases.6 min
  2. Politicians' deviance, electoral offences and accountability mechanismsForms of deviance by politicians, criminalisation of politics, corrupt practices and electoral offences under the Representation of the People Act and the BNS, disqualification, and the Supreme Court's decisions on disclosure, Lily Thomas and electoral bonds.5 min
  3. The N.N. Vohra Committee Report (1993): crime, politics and bureaucracyWhy the Vohra Committee was set up, its findings on the nexus between crime syndicates, politicians and officials, the inputs of the CBI and IB, its recommendation of a nodal agency, the Dinesh Trivedi case, and what has followed.5 min
  4. Lokpal and Lokayukta as controls on official and political deviance: their powersThe powers and procedure of the Lokpal under the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 and of the Lokayukta under the Karnataka Lokayukta Act, 1984, as tools against corruption by ministers, legislators and officials.5 min

Unit IV 3 topics

  1. Professional deviance and the legal profession: the Bar Council's disciplinary committeesWhat professional deviance is, its forms in the legal profession, the constitution and powers of disciplinary committees under the Advocates Act, 1961, the leading disciplinary opinions and cases, and the problem of the advocate who collects money to bribe.7 min
  2. Medical deviance: medical ethics, negligence, the Lentin Commission and drug abuseForms of deviance in the medical profession, the ethical code and its enforcement under the National Medical Commission Act, criminal medical negligence after Jacob Mathew, the Lentin Commission on the J.J. Hospital glycerol deaths, and drug abuse under the NDPS Act.6 min
  3. The MTP Act, 1971 and the PCPNDT Act, 1994 as controls on medical devianceHow the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, as amended in 2021, and the Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act regulate doctors to prevent illegal abortion and sex selection, with the offences, the machinery and the Supreme Court's decisions.6 min

Unit V 3 topics

  1. Gender based deviance: sexual harassment, Vishaka, the POSH Act and the Verma CommitteeGender based deviance as privileged class deviance, the Vishaka guidelines, the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013, the Justice Verma Committee Report of 2013, sexual offences under the BNS, and the problem of the woman seized on her way to the well.7 min
  2. Gender based deviance at home and in trafficking: domestic violence, cruelty, dowry and protective homesThe Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005, cruelty and dowry offences under the BNS, protective homes and corrective institutions under the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956, and the problem of the minister's wife.6 min
  3. Offences against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes: untouchability, the PCR Act and the Atrocities ActCaste oppression as upper class deviance, the constitutional abolition of untouchability, the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955, the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 as amended in 2015 and 2018, and the Subhash Kashinath Mahajan controversy.7 min